Water Conditioner: What It Actually Removes
The bottle everybody buys and few people read.
Chlorine and chloramine
Municipal water is treated with one or both. Chlorine gasses off if water stands; chloramine does not, which is why standing water overnight is not a substitute for conditioning.
Heavy metals
Most conditioners also bind trace copper and other metals picked up from pipework.
Dose for the volume you add
When doing a partial water change, dose for the new water, not the whole tank, unless the label says otherwise.
